Recently, there has been an active trend towards the transition to a green economy. The concept of green economy itself is quite multifaceted and touches upon various aspects. It implies an economic model in which the interests of nature come first.
The main objective of this economic model is the efficient use of natural resources. Particular attention is paid to minimizing or eliminating investment in fossil fuels. Thus, at the climate summit in Paris, which took place on December 12, 2017, the world Bank announced the cessation of investments in the coal, oil industry, as well as in the production of natural gas, starting from 2019.
“According to the International Energy Agency (IEA), investments in companies associated with the extraction and processing of fossil fuels will depreciate by 2035 by $ 300 billion, if effective control measures are taken to reduce GHG (greenhouse gas) emissions in order to keep the average temperature rise within 2 °C”.
Thus, most international structures are beginning to gradually redirect their resources to improving our well-being, including adaptation to climate change. For example, in July 2018, the world Bank approved funding of $ 50 million for a Project to strengthen critical infrastructure to ensure resilience to natural hazards in the Republic of Tajikistan. The project aims to help Tajikistan build capacity to prepare for possible natural disasters.
In the "green" model of the economy, punitive measures for environmentally unconscious behavior are also gaining momentum. For example, in Europe there is an increase in the price of greenhouse gas emissions. And this situation is quite understandable because European countries are trying to reduce their level of greenhouse gas emissions to a minimum and thus fulfill their promises under the Paris agreement.
However, in addition to the traditional principles of the "green economy", in the modern world there are also new models that also contribute to the struggle for environmental protection, as well as the consequences of climate change. One of these areas was the "digital economy", the driving force of which is information technology. Especially in this respect distinguished Norwegian city Lusparken, where the business district is provided with electricity due to the energy of data centers.
The so-called “Digitalization” of the energy sector has not spared the Central Asian region. In Kazakhstan, for example, there is a state program “Digital Kazakhstan”, adopted by the Ministry of Kazakhstan and includes 8 initiatives. An example of such initiatives is the oil accounting information system.
In addition, in the world the increasing popularity is gaining such a thing as a “circular economy”. Despite the fact that the term appeared about 40 years ago in contrast to the “linear economy”, its application it begins to receive only now. A pity, because it is that the main principle of the “linear economy” – “what is not sold means lost.” “Regardless of “isms” (capitalism, socialism), it is assumed that man takes from nature the resources he needs, and returns waste... The sooner the resources turn into waste, it is better. It is often said that the classical economy does not work for the consumer, but for the dump”.
On the contrary, the task of the “cyclical economy” is to reverse this sad trend. Thus, one of the basic principles of the new economic model is the use of environmental raw materials. An example would be, Evoware, which uses seaweed to produce packaging.
According to the Vedomosti project, in the future such concepts as “cyclic economy”, “green economy”, “digital economy” will grow into one and in their place there will be “sufficiency economy”. Moreover, it will be based on the principle of “nothing is taken from nowhere and does not disappear into nowhere”.
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Climate Adaptation and Mitigation Program for the Aral Sea Basin (CAMP4ASB)
